What type of organism primarily transmits mange?

Mange is primarily transmitted by mites, which are tiny arachnids that infest the skin of animals. The two most common types of mites responsible for mange are Sarcoptes scabiei, which causes sarcoptic mange, and Demodex canis, responsible for demodectic mange. These mites burrow into the skin or reside in hair follicles, leading to irritation, inflammation, and often secondary infections due to the scratching and loss of hair that result from their presence.

Other organisms such as viruses and bacteria might cause different dermatological or systemic issues in animals, but they are not responsible for transmitting mange specifically. Fleas, while significant as parasites and vectors for other conditions, do not cause mange. The specific role of mites in creating the condition of mange makes them the correct answer to this question.